COVID-19 Clinical Trials and Expanded Access

Introduction: The SARS-Cov-2 outbreak in France and the concomitant massive increase in the number of cases requiring hospital management create a major risk of COVID-19 infection for hospital staff. In addition to nosocomial transmission, the health care workers (HCWs), defined as persons serving in health care settings who have the potential for direct or indirect exposure to patients or infectious materials, are also exposed to community transmission. Whether HCWs acquire infection at work or in the community is important to adapt protection measures. A few studies investigated COVID-19 infection among medical and nursing personnel. However, none have analyzed all categories of hospital staff. As of April 9, 2020, a total of 9,282 US HCWs with confirmed COVID-19 had been reported to CDC (US), however description of occupational activities was not available. Therefore, limited information is available about COVID-19 infection among HCWs. Thus, the objectives of the sdudy are to estimate the incidence of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCWs in five university hospitals (including geriatric hospitals) of the great Paris area and to estimate both nosocomial and community risk factors. Method: A prospective and retrospective cohort study that includes all hospital staff (including medical and nursing personnel, health care managers, laboratory, radiology, reception staffs, stretcher-bearers, etc.) working in different departments of five university hospitals (acute medical centers and geriatric hospitals) in the great Paris area (9 000 HCWs). Incidence of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection will be estimated with its 95%CI. Individual and contextual risk factors will be analyzed using multilevel multivariate logistic regression modelling to account for clustering and confounding. Conclusion This study should make it possible to better characterize SARS-Cov-2 contamination of HCWs and to estimate the share of nosocomial transmission.

The 2020 pandemic of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) has lead to an increase in ARDS cases requiring invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit). The investigators hypothesize that airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) could be beneficial in patients with ARDS secondary to SARS-COV2 viral pneumonia.

The authors hypothesize that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect the kidneys, causing them to be damaged. The present study aims to explain the mechanisms of kidney injury in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

The study aims to analyze the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the academic performance of veterinary students, veterinarians, and researchers during the lockdown.

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) pandemic is an enormous health issue of worldwide scale. Prevention and/or treatment with a widely-available and already-licensed product such as vitamin D (cholecalciferol) could have a large impact on healthcare worldwide. Given ethnic variation in vitamin D production, this could help to address the discrepancies in how people of different ethnicities are affected by COVID-19. There are currently no published studies analysing either individual-level evidence on the effect of vitamin D status on COVID-19 outcomes, or any prospective studies planning on following-up patients with reference to vitamin D and COVID-19 infection. The study will have 2 arms. Arm 1 will recruit patients hospitalised with COVID-19. Vitamin D levels will be measured in these patients and compared with outcome measures of COVID-19 severity. In Arm 2, patients will be recruited prospectively from local general practices (GPs) with measurement of vitamin D levels at enrolment. They will be followed up after 6 months to determine whether baseline vitamin D levels correspond with developing COVID-19. Data will be collected from a mixture of patient medical records, electronic patient records, laboratory data and from patients themselves. Data in Arm 1 will be analysed with a combination of linear and logistic regression, as appropriate, and with adjustment for covariates. Data in Arm 2 will be analysed as a case-control study, with adjustment for covariates. The primary objectives are to determine whether vitamin D levels affect outcomes in COVID-19 infection and whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk.

This is a Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to assess the efficacy and safety of MSTT1041A (astegolimab) compared with placebo and of UTTR1147A compared with placebo, in combination with standard of care (SOC), in patients hospitalized with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Maternal-fetal transmission in the second or third trimester of pregnancy of the SARS-COV-2 virus could explain some late fetal losses. Finding a cause in the context of fetal loss is essential for parents and caregivers. It helps to understand the history of the disease, to address the possible risk of a recurrence and to plan for future pregnancies. If the maternal-fetal transmission of COVID 19 is confirmed and that it is responsible for obstetric complications, a preventive action could be proposed to the patients by the preconception vaccination. The investigators are seeking to clarify the frequency of this transmission is information awaited by caregivers, women, couples in particular when the latter are in distress from late fetal loss.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The most characteristic symptom of patients with COVID-19 is respiratory distress, leading to inability to sustain spontaneous breathing. In addition, patients with COVID-19 have dyspnea and respiratory muscle fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to use strategies that minimize the impact of COVID-19 on the respiratory muscles, accelerating the ventilatory weaning process and optimizing the functional capacity of the involved muscles. Over the past years, evidence has shown the effectivity of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) combined with static magnetic field (sMF) (PBMT/sMF) in delaying muscle fatigue, decrease in markers of inflammatory damage and oxidative stress of skeletal muscle. These effects result in an improvement in the functional capacity of the irradiated muscles by PBMT/sMF. However, do date, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effects of PBMT/sMF on the respiratory muscles. Therefore, the irradiation of PBMT/sMF may result in improvement in the functional capacity of respiratory muscles in patients with COVID-19, accelerating the ventilatory weaning process of the patients intubated due to respiratory failure. In addition, the irradiation of PBMT/sMF may induce the increase of anti-inflammatory mediators' activity in patients with COVID-19. Thus, the aim of this project is to investigate the effects of PBMT/sMF on respiratory muscles of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with COVID-19 using invasive mechanical ventilation.

France has been put on a lockdown for 8 weeks to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus between 17/03/2020 and 11/05/2020. During this lockdown, which is likely to have psychopathological repercussions on the population, the public authorities and the media informed the population about the number of deaths occurring each day. While the functioning of autobiographical memory following traumatic events remains a debate in the literature, the impact of the daily announcement of mass deaths on the memory system in the general population and the relationship between long-term memory and delusional thinking in certain psychopathologies have yet to be explored in the literature. The investigators wish to demonstrate that self-reported recall of recorded deaths may represent this distortion of perception, symptomatic of these pathologies by an on-line questionnaire.

The effective medical treatment against COVID-19 infection is still unknown. Chloroquine phosphate is a well-known antimalarial drug which has been on the market for many years. Recently, in vitro study shown that Chloroquine is effective at both entry and at post-entry stages of the COVID-19 infection of Vero E6 cells with promising results. Chloroquine is also an immune-modifier and could distribute to the whole body including lung. Also, chloroquine is cheap and safe, and could be a promising agent against COVID-19 infection. However, only hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with the extra hydroxyl group is available in Taiwan. Therefore, hydroxychloroquine instead become the best choice for the treatment candidate, since it shows higher in vitro potency (EC50) against COVID-19 with lower toxicity while retaining the original effect which compared with chloroquine.