In this prospective observational study we aim to study the association of vitamin D deficiency with adverse clinical outcomes in patients infected with Coronavirus disease 2019
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can induce an exaggerated inflammatory response. Vitamin
D is a key modulator of the immune system. We hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency (VDD)
could increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection. The COVIT-D study (Increased
risk of severe COVID-19 infection in patients with Vitamin D deficiency) is a prospective
cohort study recruiting patients with confirmed COVID-19 seen at the emergency department of
a tertiary hospital. A measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is obtained at admission and
follow-up obtained. The primary outcome is a composite of death, admission to the intensive
care unit, and/or a need for higher oxygen flow than that provided by nasal cannula. The
primary association between VDD - categorised in groups - and the primary outcome will be
evaluated with univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression including the
following prespecified confounders: age, gender, obesity and chronic kidney disease. The
estimated sample size is n=500 and the expected inclusion time lapse 3 months.
Inclusion Criteria:
- >18 years old
- symptoms suggestive of COVID-19
- positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or antibodies for SARS-CoV-2
Exclusion Criteria:
- Bacterial community acquired pneumonia
Hospital Clínico San Carlos
Madrid, Spain