Severe Acute respiratory syndrome coronovirus (SARS-CoV-2) was first described in Wuhan in December 2019. It quickly spread to rest of the world and was declared pandemic by World health organisation. Initial case series focused on lung involvement in the form alveolar haemorrhages and respiratory failure. However, subsequently, there have been reports of kidney involvement resulting in severe acute kidney injury. However, the reported incidence from Chinese data has been less than 5% and detailed epidemiology of AKI in COVID-19 disease is lacking.
On 31st December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were detected in Hubei province of China
where the cause was unclear. The cause for these cases was subsequently identified as a virus
which was referred to as SARS-CoV-2, and the associated disease as COVID-19.This evolved
rapidly into a global pandemic with first case reported in UK as early as on 30th January
2020. As of 30th April 2020, there have been 3.05 million laboratory confirmed cases
world-wide with 161,145 cases in United Kingdom (UK) in 539,768 cases tested for COVID-19.
The epidemiology of COVID-19 has differed in China, US and Italy which have different
demographic characteristics, testing methods and different ways to curb the spread of
infection which can be altered by many things, including behaviour, and the stringent social
distancing measure.Though the pandemic started in China, as of 30th April 2020, it has
reported only 58.32 cases per million people (pmp) as compared to United kingdom which has
reported 2433.8 cases pmp. This has resulted in different epidemiology of COVID-19 and organ
system involvement. Lung involvement in the form of alveolar haemorrhages and respiratory
failure has been well document in patients with COVID-19 and has been focus of attention,
however, other organs are also affected in COVID-19, but there has been limited information
kidney involvement in COVID patients.
Other: acute kidney injury
AKI in COVID positive cases
Inclusion Criteria:
All patients who are admitted to the hospital with suspected COVID-19 infection between 1st
March 2020 and 8th May 2020 and who meet following criteria will be included
1. Adult patients greater or equal to 18 years of age.
2. Swab results available for SARS CoV-19
3. Patients admitted to the hospital as per the national screening criteria
Exclusion Criteria:
The following patients will be excluded from the study
1. Paediatric patients as defined by age of <18 years of age
2. Swab results which are awaited
3. Patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
Derby Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Derby, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
Nitin V Kolhe, MD, Principal Investigator
University Hospitals of Derby and Burton