The objective of this protocol is to estimate the proportion of patients hospitalized in intensive care unit for a SARS-Cov-2 viral lung infection and contaminating their environment at 1 meter. The contamination will be assessed by quantifying the viral RNA by RT-PCR on a 600-liter air sample aspirated by a Coriolis® system. This sample will be taken within 48 hours after the confirmation of SARS-Cov-2 infection, documented by RT-PCR. In fact, the hospital hygiene measures practiced in intensive care unit in patients with viral respiratory infection are identical to those practiced in other services. These measures are possibly insufficient as evidenced by recent data related to the COVID-19 epidemic.
Respiratory viruses are frequently responsible for acute respiratory failure which justifies
hospitalization in intensive care unit. Actually, recent epidemics of emerging viruses
(including COVID-19) have highlighted the possibility of air-type transmission in this
specific population. Despite the fact that the risk of environmental contamination has never
been objectified, It is probable that in intensive care patients, this contamination is
greater than in other patients because of the gravity of the patients (greater inoculum) and
the use of ventilation techniques responsible for probably increased exhaled viral
expression. Defining the mode of transmission of respiratory viruses has major consequences
in terms means of prevention. The "air" mode of transmission absolutely requires
hospitalization in a single room and sometimes additional air treatment. The droplet
transmission mode due to its short range requires simpler measures (wearing a surgical mask,
no specific air treatment) and has also led to the discussion of the value of the individual
room. Indeed, the use of high flow ventilation system such as "optiflow" or non-invasive
ventilation, can transform a droplet risk into "air" risk. For this reason, measuring the
extent of environmental contamination around infected patients in intensive care is a major
issue.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patient over 18 years old.
- Patient admitted to intensive care unit for a low respiratory infection during which
the SARS-Cov-2 virus is documented, with a positive RT-PCR in the 48 hours before
taking samples.
- Information and not opposition from the patient / or family
Exclusion Criteria:
- No documentation of SARS-Cov-2 viral respiratory infection.
- Patient under guardianship / curatorship
Service de réanimation Hôpital Avicenne
Bobigny, France
Service de réanimation Hôpital Bichat
Paris, France
Service de réanimation Hôpital Tenon
Paris, France
Yacine TANDJAOUI-LAMBIOTTE, Dr
06 64 17 19 36 - +33
yacine.tandjaoui-lambiotte@aphp.fr
Nacira DARGHAL
0148957473 - +33
nacira.darghal@aphp.fr
Yacine TANDJAOUI-LAMBIOTTE, Dr, Principal Investigator
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris