COVID-19@Spain is a retrospective cohort study that aims to determine the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Spain and to identify prognostic factors of mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation
COVID-19@Spain is a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to Spanish hospitals with
laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay
for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The Ethics Committee for Research with Medicines of Hospital General Universitario Gregorio
Marañón approved the study and waived informed consent for the collection of clinical data.
Investigators from participating centers were asked to include the first consecutive
hospitalized patients (up to 100) meeting the study criteria from the start of the epidemic
until March 17, 2020.
The data source was the electronic medical records. All data were entered directly by
personnel at each institution using an online case report form (CRF), that satisfied local
requirements of data confidentiality.
The variables registered included administrative data, epidemiological information, type of
clinical specimen in which the diagnosis was confirmed, and the RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct)
of the confirmatory gene. We also registered demographics, comorbidities and current
medications, signs and symptoms at admission, baseline laboratory tests results, chest X-ray
findings at baseline and during follow-up, complications during hospitalization, medications
with potential activity against COVID-19, and supportive treatments including oxygen therapy,
admission to intensive care unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation (intubation), and use of
adjuvant anti-inflammatory medications such as tocilizumab and systemic corticosteroids.
Drug-related adverse events of medications for COVID-19 needing discontinuation were also
recorded. The clinical status of the patients as of April 17, 2020, was categorized as
discharged alive (with the date of discharge), alive and currently hospitalized, and death
(with the date of death).
The primary endpoint is all-cause mortality at day 28, and the secondary endpoint is the need
for mechanical ventilation. Baseline was the date of hospital admission. The follow-up
censoring date is April 17, 2020.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) assay
- Hospital admission
Exclusion Criteria:
- None
Comp. Hosp. Univ. A Coruña
A Coruña, Spain
H. Quiron A Coruña
A Coruña, Spain
H. de Alcaniz
Alcañiz, Spain
H. Gral Univ. de Alicante
Alicante, Spain
H. Univ. San Juan de Alicante
Alicante, Spain
H. Univ. de la Ribera
Alzira, Spain
H. Santos Reyes
Aranda De Duero, Spain
H. Dr. Jose Molina Orosa
Arrecife, Spain
Consorcio Sanitari Integral (CAIDM)
Barcelona, Spain
H. Clinic
Barcelona, Spain
H. del Mar
Barcelona, Spain
H. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu
Barcelona, Spain
H. Santa Creu y Sant Pau
Barcelona, Spain
H. Univ. de Bellvitge
Barcelona, Spain
H. Vall d'Hebron
Barcelona, Spain
Hospital CIMA-Sanitas
Barcelona, Spain
SCIAS H. de Barcelona
Barcelona, Spain
H. Clinica de Benidorm
Benidorm, Spain
H. de Cruces
Bilbao, Spain
H. San Eloy_Barakaldo
Bilbao, Spain
H. Univ. de Basurto
Bilbao, Spain
H. Urduliz-Alfredo Espinosa
Bilbao, Spain
H. Gral de La Palma
Breña Alta, Spain
H. de Puerto Real
Cadiz, Spain
H. de Calahorra
Calahorra, Spain
H. Sant Jaume de Calella
Calella, Spain
H. Univ Santa Lucia
Cartagena, Spain
H. Univ de Henares
Coslada, Spain
Hospital Marina Salud de Dénia
Denia, Spain
Hospital Don Benito-Villanueva de la Serena
Don Benito, Spain
H. Gral Univ. de Elche
Elche, Spain
H. Univ. del Vinalopo
Elche, Spain
Comp. Hospt. Univ. de Ferrol
Ferrol, Spain
H. Francesc de Borja
Gandia, Spain
H. de Figueres
Gerona, Spain
H. Comarcal de Blanes
Girona, Spain
H. Josep Trueta
Girona, Spain
H. Clinico San Cecilio
Granada, Spain
Hospital HLA Inmaculada
Granada, Spain
H. de Guadalajara
Guadalajara, Spain
H. de Guadarrama
Guadarrama, Spain
H. Juan Ramón Jiménez
Huelva, Spain
H. Riotinto
Huelva, Spain
H. Can Misses
Ibiza, Spain
H. Universitario de Jaén
Jaén, Spain
H. Univ. de Jerez de la Frontera
Jerez De La Frontera, Spain
H. Univ Insular de Gran Canaria
Las Palmas De Gran Canaria, Spain
H. Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin
Las Palmas De Gran Canaria, Spain
H. Univ. Severo Ochoa
Leganés, Spain
H. San Pedro
Logroño, Spain
H. Univ. Menez Rafael Mendez
Lorca, Spain
H. Lucus Augusti
Lugo, Spain
H. 12 de Octubre
Madrid, Spain
H. Clinica Univ. de Navarra_ Campus Madrid
Madrid, Spain
H. Clinico San Carlos
Madrid, Spain
H. Fundacion Jiménez Díaz
Madrid, Spain
H. Gral de la Defensa Gomez Ulla
Madrid, Spain
H. HLA Univ. Moncloa
Madrid, Spain
H. HM Sanchinarro
Madrid, Spain
H. Puerta de Hierro
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ HM Madrid
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ Principe de Asturias
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. de Alcorcón
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. de Getafe
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. de Móstoles
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. Gregorio Marañon
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. HM Monteprincipe
Madrid, Spain
H. UNiv. HM Puerta del Sur
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. Infanta Leonor
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. La Paz
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. La Princesa
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. Ramón y Cajal
Madrid, Spain
H. Univ. Rey Juan Carlos
Madrid, Spain
H. Costa del Sol
Marbella, Spain
H. de Mataro
Mataró, Spain
H. de Melilla
Melilla, Spain
H. de Mendaro
Mendaro, Spain
Hospital Alto Deba
Mondragón, Spain
H. Virgen de la Arrixaca
Murcia, Spain
H. Marbella Internacional
Málaga, Spain
H. Virgen de la Victoria
Málaga, Spain
H. Vega Baja
Orihuela, Spain
H. Univ. Central de Asturias
Oviedo, Spain
H. de Palamos
Palamós, Spain
H. Son Espases
Palma De Mallorca, Spain
H. Son Llatzer
Palma De Mallorca, Spain
H. Clinica Univ. Navarra
Pamplona, Spain
H. Virgen del Puerto
Plasencia, Spain
H. El Bierzo
Ponferrada, Spain
H. Do Salnes
Pontevedra, Spain
H. UNiv. Los Arcos del Mar Menor
Pozo Aledo, Spain
H. Santa Barbara
Puertollano, Spain
H. Parc Tauli
Sabadell, Spain
Complejo Asist. Univ. de Salamanca
Salamanca, Spain
H. Infanta Sofia
San Sebastián De Los Reyes, Spain
H. de Donostia
San Sebastián, Spain
H. de l'Esperit Sant
Santa Coloma De Gramenet, Spain
H. Univ. Marques de Valdecilla
Santander, Spain
H. Clinico Univ. Santiago de Compostela
Santiago De Compostela, Spain
H. Univ de Valme
Sevilla, Spain
H. Univ. Virgen del Rocio
Sevilla, Spain
H. Univ. Virgen Macarena
Sevilla, Spain
H. Virgen Macarena
Sevilla, Spain
H. Univ Joan XXIII
Tarragona, Spain
H. U. de Canarias
Tenerife, Spain
H. Univ. Nuestra Sra. de la Candelaria
Tenerife, Spain
H. Mutua de Terrasa
Terrassa, Spain
Complejo Hospitalario Virgen de la Salud
Toledo, Spain
H. Univ. HM Torrelodones
Torrelodones, Spain
H. Quiron Salud Torrevieja
Torrevieja, Spain
H. Virgen de la Cinta
Tortosa, Spain
H. Reina Sofia de Tudela
Tudela, Spain
H. Arnau de Vilanova-Lliria
Valencia, Spain
H. Clinico Univ. de Valencia
Valencia, Spain
H. de Sagunto
Valencia, Spain
H. Univ. y Polit. La Fe
Valencia, Spain
H. Clin. Univ. de Valladolid
Valladolid, Spain
H. Rio Hortega
Valladolid, Spain
H. Alvaro Cunqueiro
Vigo, Spain
H. de Viladecans
Viladecans, Spain
H. de la Marina Baixa
Villajoyosa, Spain
Hospital de la Plana
Villareal, Spain
H. Univ de Alava
Vitoria, Spain
H. Virgen de la Concha
Zamora, Spain
H. Lozano Blesa
Zaragoza, Spain
H. Miguel Servet
Zaragoza, Spain
H. Ntra. Sra. de Gracia
Zaragoza, Spain
Complejo Asistencial de Avila
Ávila, Spain