The rationale of the present clinical trial is that an orally available drug given to outpatients that could reduce the viral burden in the upper respiratory tract could forestall complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reduce transmission from one infected individual to another.
The study is designed as a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial to test the
hypothesis that camostat mesylate, a serine protease inhibitor shown to inhibit SARS-COV-2
replication in vitro, inhibits SARS-COV-2 replication in early stage, laboratory-confirmed,
COVID-19 ambulatory patients.
Camostat mesylate, a serine protease inhibitor used primarily for treating postoperative
reflux esophagitis and for acute exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis. This drug, with more
than 15 years clinical experience in Japan with a very safe clinical track record, will be
studied as a repurposed drug based on published in vitro virus inhibition data and in vivo
protective effects in a mouse model of SARS.
The primary objective of this study is to determine whether camostat mesylate reduces
SARS-COV-2 viral load in early COVID-19 disease.
Drug: Camostat Mesilate
Camostat mesilate 200mg taken orally, 4 times daily, for 7 days.
Other Name: Fiopan, Camostat Mesylate
Other: Placebo
Placebo taken orally, 4 times daily, for 7 days.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Be enrolled within 3 days of being notified of their first positive COVID-19 test
result.
- Evidence of a recent active COVID-19 infection, as evidenced by the positive test
results being associated with at least one COVID-19-compatible symptom such as fever,
upper respiratory symptoms, cough, chills, loss of taste/smell, etc.(see COVID-19-PRO
symptom score sheet), or a recent high-risk exposure to COVID-19
- Provision of informed consent.
- Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the
duration of the study.
- Diagnosed with COVID-19 within past 3 days and not exhibiting manifestations requiring
hospitalization such as extreme shortness of breath or severe prostration. Nurses at
the study site will assess such severe conditions requiring hospitalization, which
would preclude enrollment.
- Ability to take oral medication and be willing to adhere to the camostat mesylate
regimen.
- For females of reproductive potential: use of highly effective contraception for at
least 1 month prior to screening and agreement to use such a method during study
participation and for an additional 4 weeks after the end of the camostat mesylate
administration.
- For males of reproductive potential: use of condoms or other methods to ensure
effective contraception with partner.
- Agreement to adhere to Lifestyle Considerations (see section 5.3) throughout study
duration.
- English and Spanish speaking subjects as well as patients speaking any language for
which we can find appropriate translators will be enrolled. A short form with
interpretation will be used for anyone speaking a language for which a translated
informed consent form is not currently available in accordance with local site IRB
policies, including developing certified translations as necessary.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Presence of COVID-19 disease manifestations that would require referral for
consideration of hospitalization.
- A previous positive COVID-19 test reported more than 7 days before, which would
indicate likelihood of non-culturable, nonreplicating virus.
- A positive COVID-19 test without a known recent exposure that would indicate an active
infection, hence an unknown chance of non-culturable, non-replicating virus being
present (i.e., asymptomatic COVID-19 infection of unknown duration).
- Pregnancy or lactation.
- Known allergic reactions to components of camostat mesylate.
- With regard to inclusion or exclusion of women of child-bearing potential, women who
report that they know they are pregnant are excluded. All women of child-bearing
potential who test positive for pregnancy by urine test at first visit are excluded. A
day 14 followup blood pregnancy test will be done on appropriate enrolled women (i.e.
those who had a negative urine pregnancy test on day 0 for further safety assessment
).
Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut, United States